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100 1 _aGoldhagen, Daniel Jonah.
_910114
245 1 0 _aHitler's willing executioners : ordinary Germans and the Holocaust /
_bordinary Germans and the Holocaust /
_cDaniel Jonah Goldhagen.
246 3 0 _aOrdinary Germans and the Holocaust
250 _a1st Vintage Books ed.
260 _aNew York :
_bVintage Books,
_c1997.
300 _ax, 634 p. :
_bill., maps ;
_c21 cm.
500 _a"With a new afterword"--P. [4] of cover.
500 _aOriginally published in hardcover in slightly different form by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, in 1996.
504 _aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
504 _aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [487]-613) and index.
505 0 _aIntroduction: Reconceiving central aspects of the Holocaust -- Understanding German antisemitism : the eliminationist mind-set: Recasting the view of antisemitism : a framework for analysis ; The evolution of eliminationist antisemitism in modern Germany ; Eliminationist antisemitism : the "common sense" of German society during the Nazi period -- The eliminationist program and institutions: The Nazis' assault on the Jews : Its character and evolution ; The agents and machinery of destruction -- Police battalions : ordinary Germans, willing killers: Police battalions : agents of genocide ; Police Battalion 101 : the men's deeds ; Police battalion 101 : assessing the men's motives ; Police battalions : lives, killings, and motives -- Jewish "work" in annihilation: The sources and pattern of Jewish "work" during the Nazi period ; Life in the "work" camps ; Work and death -- Death marches : to the final days: The deadly way ; Marching to what end? -- Eliminationist antisemitism, ordinary Germans, willing executioners: Explaining the perpetrators' actions : assessing the competing explanations ; Eliminationist antisemitism as genocidal motivation -- Epilogue: The Nazi German revolution -- Afterword to the Vintage edition -- Appendix 1: A note on method -- Appendix 2: Schematization of the dominant beliefs in Gernalm about Jews, the mentally ill, and Slavs -- Appendix 3: Foreword to the German edition -- Pseudonyms -- Abbreviations.
520 _aDaniel Jonah Goldhagen has revisited a question that history has come to treat as settled, and his researchers have led him to the inescapable conclusion that none of the established answers holds true. That question is: "How could the Holocaust happen?" His own response is a new exploration of those who carried out the Holocaust and of German society and its ingrained anti-semitism - and it demands a fundamental revision of our thinking about the years 1933-1945. Drawing principally on materials either unexplored or neglected by previous scholars, Goldhagen marshals new, disquieting, primary evidence - including extensive testimony from the actual perpetrators themselves - to show that many beliefs about the killers are fallacies: They were not primarily SS men or Nazi Party members, but perfectly ordinary Germans from all walks of life, men (and women) who brutalized and murdered Jews both willingly and zealously. And they did so, moreover, not because they were coerced (for, as he shows irrefutably, so many were informed by their own commanders that they could refuse to kill without fear of retribution)...not because they slavishly followed orders (a view seemingly supported by Stanley Milgram's famous Yale "obedience experiment")...not because of any tremendous social, psychological, or peer pressure to conform to the behaviour of their comrades (for no such evidence exists)...and not for any reasons associated with Hannah Arendt's disputed notion of the "banality of evil." They acted as they did because of a widespread, profound, unquestioned, and virulent antisemitism that led them to regard the Jews as a demonic enemy whose extermination was not only necessary but also just. Again and again, it is the killers' own words that give us a portrait, both shocking and immediate, of their world: the organization of their daily lives, how they did what they did, their reactions to it, even their recreations in the killings fields, which included everything from sports and entertainment to the hobby of taking snapshots of their deeds and victims - to be freely exchanged and collected among themselves - leaving a devastating record of self-indictment that the author reproduces here. All of Goldhagen's documentary evidence is set within a fresh analysis of the phenomenon of German antisemitism itself, which revises many conventional views. He shows that it was already deep-rooted and pervasive in German society before Hitler came to power, and that there was a widely shared view that the Jews ought to be eliminated in some way from German society. When Hitler, ultimately, chose mass extermination as the only "final solution," he was thus easily able to enlist vast numbers of Germans to carry it out.
586 _aNational Book Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction
650 0 _aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
_xCauses.
_910115
650 0 _aAntisemitism
_zGermany.
_910116
650 0 _aWar criminals
_zGermany
_xPsychology.
_910117
650 0 _aNational socialism
_xMoral and ethical aspects.
_910118
650 1 7 _aHolocaust.
_2gtt
_910119
650 7 _aAntisémitisme
_zAllemagne.
_2ram
_910120
650 7 _aCriminels de guerre
_zAllemagne
_xPsychologie.
_2ram
_910121
650 7 _aNational-socialisme.
_2ram
_910122
650 7 _aJuifs
_xExtermination (1939-1945).
_2ram
_910123
650 7 _aJuifs
_xPersécutions
_zAllemagne.
_2ram
_910124
650 4 _aAntisemitism
_xGermany.
_910125
650 4 _aWar criminals
_xGermany
_xPsychology.
_910126
942 _2lcc
_cBOOK
999 _c2245
_d2245