TY - BOOK AU - Tomuschat,Christian TI - Human rights: between idealism and realism T2 - The collected courses of the Academy of European Law SN - 0199683735 AV - K3240 .T66 2014 PY - 2014/// CY - Oxford, United Kingdom, New York, NY : PB - Oxford University Press KW - KW - United Nations KW - Human rights KW - Droits de l'homme KW - eclas KW - Droit international KW - Histoire KW - fast N1 - Includes bibliographical references and index; Introduction -- History of human rights -- Development of the current system of international protection of human rights -- Universality of human rights -- Conceptual foundations of human rights -- Determinative legal parameters of human rights -- Right holders and duty bearers -- From 'Negative' to positive duties : the different 'Generations' of human rights -- The general framework of human rights -- Implementation at national level -- The work of political bodies of international organizations -- The work of expert bodies : examination of state reports -- The work of expert bodies : complaint procedures and fact-finding -- Supervision by international tribunals -- Enforcement by states and the role of non-governmental organizations -- Mitigating the effects of armed conflict : humanitarian law -- Criminal prosecution of human rights violations -- Reparation-civil claims against human rights violators -- Time for hope, or time for despair? ER -