Fundamentals of international criminal law -- General principles of international criminal law -- The elements of international crimes -- War crimes -- Crimes against humanity -- Genocide -- Torture as a discrete crime, and aggression -- Terrorism as an international crime -- Perpetration and joint criminal enterprise -- Other modes of liability -- Criminal liability for omissions -- Justifications and excuses -- Other excuses: superior order, necessity, duress, and mistake -- Immunities -- The establishment of international -- International versus national jurisdiction -- The adoption of the essential features of the adversarial system -- General principles governing international criminal trials -- Stages of international proceedings in outline i-pre-trial and trial -- Appeals and enforcement -- The specificity of international trials.